社会距离与合作指数对不同年龄青少年合作行为影响的差异

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2017.04.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究采用重复囚徒困境实验范式，考察了社会距离和合作指数对不同年龄青少年（初中生、高中生和大学生，且每个年龄段的被试数为40名）在博弈决策中的合作行为的影响。结果发现：（1）随着年龄的增加，青少年合作行为的总体趋势表现为下降；（2）社会距离对大学生的合作行为的正向作用显著，而中学生的合作行为却不受其影响；（3）个体合作率会受到合作指数的促进作用，但这种促进作用在大学生中表现的更为显著。即随年龄增长，个体会更少的采取合作行为，并且个体是否采取合作在更大程度上基于当前博弈中的收支情况和与博弈对象之间的社会距离。

关键词: 青少年, 囚徒困境, 合作行为, 社会距离, 合作指数

Abstract: The Prisoner's Dilemma paradigm was employed to discover the development characteristics of teenagers' cooperative behaviors. Participants were directed to play Prisoner's Dilemma Game with same-gender friend and stranger respectively. In the procedure, different payoff matrix was randomly presented based on 9 levels of CI (0.1~0.9). The reward entirely depended on outcome of the game. Cooperative rate was computed from frequency of cooperation as a measurement in each conditions. The results of the REGRESSION and ANOVA revealed that:(1)teenagers' cooperative behaviors was showed a increasing tendency with an increasing age;(2) Social Distance had a large influence on college students' cooperative behaviors, but little on middle school students;(3)The individual cooperate would be promoted by CI, which was more obvious for college students than middle school students. The stage differences appeared during the teenager's cooperative behavior development.

Key words: teenager, prisoner's dilemma, cooperative behaviors, social distance, cooperation index

中图分类号:

B844

张磊, 徐碧波, 丁璐. 社会距离与合作指数对不同年龄青少年合作行为影响的差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(4): 410-416.

ZHANG Lei, XU Bibo, DING Lu. The Different Effects on Cooperative Behavior among Teenagers by the Social Distance and the Cooperation Index[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(4): 410-416.

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